Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy :: Biology Cattle Disease Essays

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) is a relatively new disease found primarily in cattle. This disease of the bovine breed was first seen in the United Kingdom in November 1986 by histopathological examination of affected brains (Kimberlin, 1993) . From the first discovery in 1986 to 1990 this disease developed into a large-scale epidemic in most of the United Kingdom, with very serious economic consequences (Moore, 1996). BSE primarily occurs in adult cattle of both male and female genders. The most common age at which cows may be affected is between the ages of four and five (Blowey, 1991). Due to the fact that BSE is a neurological disease, it is characterized by many distinct symptoms: changes in mental state 'mad-cow', abnormalities of posture, movement, and sensation (Hunter, 1993). The duration of the clinical disease varies with each case, but most commonly lasts for several weeks. BSE continues to progress and is usually considered fatal (Blowey, 1991).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After extensive research, the pathology of BSE was finally determined. Microscopic lesions in the central nervous system that consist of a bilaterally symmetrical, non-inflammatory vacuolation of neuronal perikarya and grey-matter neuropil was the scientists' overall conclusion (Stadthalle, 1993). These lesions are consistent with the diseases of the more common scrapie family. Without further investigation, the conclusion was made that BSE was a new member of the scrapie family (Westgarth, 1994).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Transmission of BSE is rather common throughout the cattle industry. After the incubation period of one to two years, experimental transmission was found possible by the injection of brain homogenates from clinical cases (Swanson, 1990). This only confirmed that BSE is caused by a scrapie-like infectious agent.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  How does the transmission become so readily available among the entire United Kingdom feedlot population? Studies showed that the mode of infection was meat and bone meal that had been incorporated into concentrated feedstuffs as a protein-rich supplement (Glausiusz, 1996). It is thought that the outbreak was started by a scrapie infection of cattle, but the subsequent course of the epidemic was driven by the recycling of infected cattle material within the cattle population (Lyall, 1996). Although the average rate of infection is very low, the reason why this led to such a large number of BSE cases is that much of the United Kingdom dairy cattle population was exposed for many, continuous years (Kimberlin, 1993).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To help control the outbreak, the British government in 1988 introduced a ban on the feeding of ruminant protein to other ruminant animals (Lacey, 1995). Such knowledge for the pathogenesis of the BSE disease shows precisely the actions that must be taken in order to control and minimize the risk of

Introduction to Ergonomics

Dafpus skripsi Bridger, R. S. 1995. Introduction to Ergonomics. International Editions. Singapore : McGraw- Hill Book Co. European Agency for Safety and Health at Work. 2010. Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders in the EU-Facts and Figures. http://osha. europa. eu/en/publications/reports/TERO09009ENC (diakses pada tanggal 17 September 2012) Health and Safety Executive Authority. 2004. Getting to Grips with Manual Handling. UK : sss http://www. hse. gov. uk/pubns/indg143. df (diakses pada tanggal 17 September 2012) Health and Safety Authority. 2005. Guidance on the Management of Manual Handling in the Workplace.http://www.hsaeng/Publications_and_Forms/Publications/Retail/Management_Manual_Handling. pdf (diakses pada tanggal 17 September 2012) Kurniawidjaja, L. Meily. 2010. Teori dan Aplikasi Kesehatan Kerja. Jakarta: Penerbit Universitas Indonesia (UI-Press). Nurmianto, Eko. 2004. Ergonomi: Konsep Dasar dan Aplikasinya, 2nd. Ed. Surabaya: Penerbit Guna Widya. Tarwaka, dkk. 2004. Erg onomi untuk Kesehatan, Keselamatan, & Produktivitas. Edisi I, Cetakan I. Surakarta: UNIBA Press. Santoso, Gempur, Dr. , Drs. , M. Kes. 2004. Ergonomi: Manusia, Peralatan, dan Lingkungan. Jakarta: Prestasi Pustaka Publisher. Sastrowinoto, Suyatno, Ir. 1985. Meningkatkan Produktivitas dengan Ergonomi. Jakarta: PT Pustaka Binaman Pressindo. Suma’mur, P. K. , Rd. , MSc. 1989. Ergonomi untuk Produktivitas Kerja. Jakarta: CV. Haji Masagung.Workplace Health, Safety and Compensation Commission of New Brunswick. 2010. Ergonomics Guidelines for Manual Handling, 2nd. Ed. , Australia : Worksafe NB, http://www. worksafenb. ca/docs/MANUALEdist. pdf (diakses pada tanggal 03 Agustus 2012) WorkCover New South Wales Authority. 2012. Manual Handling Black Spots: Manufacturing. Industry Reference Group, http://www. workcover. nsw. gov. au/formspublications/pages/manualhandlingmanufacturing. aspx (diakses pada tanggal 06 November 2012)

Case Study - Kfc China Strategies - 1303 Words

Case Study 1 Introduction Since KFC opened the first outlet in Beijing in 1987, the fast-food giant has occupied its dominant position in China(Bell and Shelman 2011). As KFC expands rapidly in China, it formulates specific strategy aiming to Chinese customers and accomplishes unprecedented success. Among all the strategies, the localization strategy and the different operation management contribute significantly. While analyzing such strategies, benefits and weakness both emerge and some questions need to be resolved. What is the best business strategy to ensure long term success for KFC in China? What are three key challenges to its localization strategy that KFC China might face in the future? I would give analysis to the strategies†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ The First Challenge The first challenge comes from the dilemma between additional costs and the benefit generated from the adjustment for regional differences. As mentioned before, further localization is a feasible solution to ensure long-term success. Nevertheless, it demands not only fund but also human resources. New products have to be developed, resulting in the accompanying new advertisement. Employees have to learn the new cooking method and use the localized recipe. Additional costs then arise and managers have to do trade-off between the costs and the benefits. †¢ The Second Challenge The second challenge comes from labor force. The exhausted demographic dividend will trigger a shortage of 140 million workers in China in the near future(Evans-Pritchart 2013). As the supply of labor shrinks, the equilibrium condition will alter. Thus, KFC has to increase the real wage to recruit enough employees. As the KFC SWOT ANALYSIS 2013(2013) suggests, high employee turnover also raises the risk of unexpected costs, for the work in KFC is low paid and doesn’t require specific technical skills. †¢ The Third Challenge The third challenge is the contradiction between healthy diet and fast-food. These years, Chinese are aware of the importance of a balanced diet(Atsmon, Y., Magni, M., Li, L. and Liao, W. 2012). The entrenched stereotype that fast-food is deemed as junk food has jeopardized the reputation of KFC.Show MoreRelatedKFC China and its Marketing1525 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Case Study 2 Introduction KFC China is a quick service restaurant that’s has dominated the local fast-food market. Marketing has significantly contributed to its success. This report covers KFC-China’s current localized marketing strategy consisting of product, promotion price and placement strategies. It will also discuss the potential issues that may affect business operations in the near future, these include; increasing costs, emerging seniors market, economic slowdown and supplier issuesRead MoreKey Success of Kfc842 Words   |  4 Pages____________________________________________________________ _________ Case: KFC in China In China, Yum! Brands is opening a KFC store every day. But this is not the KFC you know in America. A recent case study written by professor David Bell and Agribusiness Program director Mary Shelman reveals how the chicken giant adapted its famous fast-food formula for the local market. Key concepts include: †¢ In China, KFCs strategy was to be part of the local community, not be seen as a foreign presence. †¢ China division chairman and CEO SamRead MoreAn Analysis Of Kfc s International Expansion Opportunities Essay1147 Words   |  5 Pages An Analysis Of KFC’s International Expansion Opportunities A Case Study of Ivey School Of Business Analysis By Carson McLaren December 5, 2016 BBB4M-1 Mr James Table of Contents Title Page 2. Table of Contents 3. Problem (Issues) Statement 4. Case Analysis 5. Analysis of Alternatives 6. Recommendations 7. Annotated Case Study Problem Identification Key Decisions Is International expansion the most effective way toRead MoreKfc Term Paper765 Words   |  4 PagesTHE GROWTH OF KFC IN CHINA Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) has achieved another milestone in delivery, the explosive growth in Asian region most particularly in their current trends in China that KFC fried chicken, burger and fries is gaining its way to superstardom. Currently their food store has been enjoying its popularity and outperforming their competition because of this one particular brand the â€Å"Yum Brand† KFC has taken advantage of the Chinese in their preferences and hunger to suitRead MoreKfc Peta Case1229 Words   |  5 PagesBlack: from case Blue: from other sources Case summary A year after closing the McDonald’s campaign, PETA started to target KFC (part of YUM brands) since KFC was behind its competition in protecting animal welfare. KFC made initial efforts to comply without providing specifics of how compliance is achieved, but it was not enough for PETA to give up its commitment towards animal welfare at KFC. Eventually, PETA launched a campaign called Kentucky Fried Cruelty. Study Questions for â€Å"PETA sRead MoreBusiness Strategy at Kentucky Fried Chicken1228 Words   |  5 PagesKFC – Kentucky Fried Chicken: - It is one of the largest fast food company and the largest competitor among fast food firms. It is even largest in term of profit, market share, and revenue and customer satisfaction to its best. Subway -: The SUBWAY ® chain is the world’s largest submarine sandwich franchise, with more than 31,000 locations in 91 countries. The chain now has more than 1,400 stores in the UK and Ireland serving just under a million customers in the UK and Ireland every year. The SUBWAY ®Read MoreDifference Between Kfc and Mcdonalds Dratt4817 Words   |  20 Pagesaccepted by all, and gradually integrated into people’s lives in China. The rise of the fast food industry and the rapid development of the Chinese economy is also a very compelling new phenomenon. KFC and McDonald’s fast food companies, the two well-known fast food companies in Chinese market, which was play an important role in Chinese Fast Food market. They attract customers through its good quality and excellent service in China. According to Mcknese consulting report( 2013), current McDonaldsRead MoreTell Me What You Eat, and I’ll Tell You Who You Are1279 Words   |  6 Pageslater eaten by humans and animals. This being said, we can take the example of the Far East, China, and Japan. In that part of the world, rice is the central ingredient in almost everything agricultural. This old and historical tradition has not faded over time. Figures by the UNCTAD, Secretariat from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations show that consumption of rice in China has gone from 50 million metric ton in 1961 to 160 millio ns metric ton in 2002. Same increasingRead MoreThe Contrast Between Mcdonald and Kfc in China6107 Words   |  25 Pagesreport is primarily written for a comparison of the development of different market situations between KFC and McDonalds in China, because of KFC and McDonalds are extremely popular in mainland China, almost everyone knows these particular brands. The development of two food companies are apparently perfect, they really have their own problems, so I write this report in order to analyse and study the two Western-style fast food issues. Then finally try to use some marketing principles and referenceRead MoreA Kfc Casestudy3919 Words   |  16 PagesKFC Case Study Introduction If one international brand must be selected as the most favourite one for Chinese consumers, it would be Kentucky Fried Chicken, or KFC as it is known more commonly. According to questionnaire survey conducted by the globally-renowned marketing researching company AC Nielsen in 30 China cities in 1999, KFC was accepted by Chinese consumers as â€Å"the most popular brand† and ranked as the No.1 among top ten international brands in China. With the increasing abundance

The Reign Of Ancient Egyptian Art Essay - 1689 Words

Ancient Egyptian art is amongst the most well known, with long lasting styles in history. Thousands of years ago, the ancient Egyptians created magnificent havens for the divine beings they revered and monumental pyramids for the remains of their rulers. The Egyptians considered their ruler to to be both mortal and divine with great spiritual power. Out of all the works commissioned over three centuries of Egyptian rule, may of them were dedicated to their kings, to honor their lives in the forms of monuments, statutes, and tombs to serve their god-kings’ eternal home in the afterlife. One of the works recovered from around 1250 BCE was the head and upper torsi of a great Egyptian pharaoh, Seti I. The bust of Seti I shows those studying and analyzing Egyptian culture the divine kingship in this society and the intertwining of religion and politics. The Ancient Egyptians believed that their pharaoh was half-man and half-god. The pharaoh was the god Horus and once the once his time on earth was over her would be reunited with the sun and another Horus ruled on the earth. Old Egyptian religion was an intricate arrangement of polytheistic convictions and customs. It focused on the Egyptians association with numerous gods who were accepted to be available in, and in control of, the strengths and components of nature. The acts of Egyptian religion were endeavors to accommodate the divine beings and increase their support. The pharaoh acted as the middle person between his kinShow MoreRelatedThe Pharaohs Of The 18th Dynasty928 Words   |  4 PagesSince the first Ancient Egyptian, Pharaoh Menes, placed himself on the throne, the pharaohs were considered to be both divine deities as well as mortal rulers. The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines prophet as â€Å"a member of some religion who delivers messages that are believed to hav e come from God† Did that make Pharaoh Amenhotep IV aka Akhenaten a prophet? Defying centuries of traditional worship of the Egyptians, the mid-14th century BCE Pharaoh Akhenaten decreed during his reign that his subjectsRead MoreAncient Egypt And Ancient Egyptian Civilization847 Words   |  4 Pagespieces of art and architecture, advanced engineering skills, and even its use of medicine. One of the most interesting parts of this culture was its belief in the afterlife. This belief was so widely accepted and important to the people of Egypt that it influenced many aspects of their everyday lives. The version of the afterlife that the Egyptians believed in was very different from other religions and cultures. The immortality ideology is something that many cultures grappled with. The ancient EgyptianRead MoreThe Art of Akhenaten - Paper1698 Words   |  7 PagesThe Art of Akhenaten A Formal Analysis of House Shrine and Akhenaten Making Offerings The Art of Akhenaten A Formal Analysis of House Shrine and Akhenaten Making Offerings      Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚   One of the most enigmatic pharaohs of Egyptian history, Amenhotep IV, had grown up in the most powerful family in ancient Egypt. Once he became pharaoh and ruler of Egypt’s empire in 1378 BCE, he changed his name to AkhenatenRead MoreThe Ancient Egyptian Style Of Ancient Egypt1351 Words   |  6 PagesFNAR 200 Professor Heer 23 November 2015 KING NARMERS PALETTE The civilization of Ancient Egypt thrived from approximately 3100 bce until 30 bce, when the Roman Empire took control of the province. Unlike other ancient societies, however, where art would evolve and chance with new influences, the art of Ancient Egypt tends to look extremely similar for the entirety of those 300 years. The classical Egyptian style of art begins in the first dynasty, which is often considered to be ruled under King NarmerRead MoreThe Great Pyramids Of Giza1274 Words   |  6 Pagesmassive scope, it is significant because it was designed by the first architect we know by name, Imhotep. Imhotep was worshipped as a god within the Egyptian culture, which is not uncommon; but it gives insight to the political ramifications of artists in even this time period thousands of years ago. Egyptian architecture and other forms of art continued throughout the dynasties. The Fourth Dynasty saw the rise of the Great Pyramids of Giza from twenty five seventy five to twenty four fiftyRead MoreEgyptian Pyramids And The Pyramids960 Words   |  4 PagesEGYPTIAN PYRAMIDS For centuries, people have thought that pyramid have been constructed by the extraterrestrials while many others believed that the Egyptians might have owned or possessed a technology that’s been lost through the ages. Here, in this research paper, let us see what the findings are of researchers, scholars, archaeologists, physicists and professors around the world. The three pyramids of Giza are one of the mysterious ancient architecture in today’s world where people from all aroundRead MoreUnderstanding The New Kingdom Of Egypt1723 Words   |  7 Pagesthe New Kingdom of Egypt Perhaps no other culture has intrigued the human imagination as that of ancient Egypt. From the Ancient Greeks, who treated Egypt with venerable respect, to Alexander the Great, and Napoleon, who felt it was imperative to go there, few other cultures have represented so much of universal value to all humans. The purpose of this paper is to present a brief survey of the ancient New Kingdom of Egypt. An emphasis on scholarly views will focus on culture, agriculture, Nubian PharaohsRead MoreThe Chaotic Reign of Akhenaten1226 Words   |  5 PagesAmenhotep III was a pharaoh of ancient Egypt from around 1388 BC till about 1350 BC. During his rule of Egypt, was a period of unprecedented prosperity and artistic splendor (Wiki: Amenhotep III). The art from this time showed several gods that ancient Egyptians worshiped, such as Amun, Anubis, Aten, Ra, and many others. Most art was drawn in a way that most of the body parts were sized according to standard proportions, yet the poses were so r igid that they seem to have little sense of movementRead MoreSymbolic Imagery Of Egyptian Queens1569 Words   |  7 PagesIn Ancient Egypt kings were believed to possess godlike power and to have been endowed with a divine right to rule. Religious practices centered around these rulers, who exercised daily prayers and offerings in order to ensure prosperity and abundance for the kingdom. Vast resources were devoted to religious rituals and the construction of lavish temples. Because the king acted as an intermediary between the people and the gods, the religion, politics, and government functioned as one. Only oneRead MoreAchievements Of Ancient Egypt957 Words   |  4 PagesAncient Egypt: New Kingdom The Egyptian civilization emerged along the Nile River in northern Africa. The ancient Egyptians owed much of their prosperity to this location. Behind the power of the Egyptian empire lay a vast wealth of natural resources. The Nile River provided huge expanses of fertile farming ground that kept Egypt self-sufficient and usually there was abundance of food. MAPS The New Kingdom Egypt is considered the third great era of the Egyptian culture. The two achievements during

Male Expectations Essay - 1247 Words

The Effects of Male Expectations nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Male expectations are ever present in our world creating an adverse effect on men making them feel inferior if they are unable to succeed financially. Arthur Miller’s play Death of a Salesman explicitly shows just how harmful these expectations can be to a person and their families. The main character in the play Death of a Salesman Willy Loman is greatly affected by these male expectations. The man is expected to not only support his family but must also be able to climb to the top of the corporate ladder. Willy’s inability to succeed financially as expected from society in turn affects his two sons Biff and Happy and his loving wife Linda.†¦show more content†¦Even after all Bernard is trying to do for Biff Willy still thinks of Bernard as â€Å"a worm† (Miller 1211) Willy’s wife Linda has always been right by her husbands’ side to support, encourage, and love him. Even when Linda knows that Willy is no longer able to support his family â€Å"he has to go to Charley and borrow fifty dollars a week and pretend to me that it’s his pay† (Miller 1220) she still encourages and believes in him. Linda never confronts Willy about his financial situation or mental state because she does not want to embarrass him. Linda is greatly affected by Willy’s behavior although it is not as obvious as the affects Willy has on Biff. The stress put on Linda is something a person should not have to go through. She has to live with the knowledge that Willy is planning on killing himself and that he lies to her constantly. When Willy feels he is not idolized or respected by his sons any longer Linda is there to pick him right back up â€Å"Few men are idolized by their children the way you are.† (Miller 1209) With everything Linda, Biff and Happy try to do to encourage their father, Willy still eventually comes to the realization that he is a failure. Before this realization strikes Willy he seems to have a high opinion of himself believing that he is extremely successful. The article â€Å"Critical Misconceptions,† by Lee Siegel, goes into detail about Death of a Salesman, â€Å"setting theShow MoreRelatedA Study On Student s Abilities1128 Words   |  5 PagesDesign a Study Teachers who have higher expectations of their student’s abilities will have a higher academic achievement as compared to teachers who have low expectations of their students abilities. In this study, the independent variable is the expectation of the teachers on their student’s abilities, and the dependent variable is the student achievements based upon the teacher expectations. The achievements can be measured by monitoring classrooms in a high school setting for English class forRead More A Woman’s Place: An Analysis of Roles Portrayed by Women in Print Advertising1255 Words   |  5 PagesWhen one examines the issue of the unfair expectations that society places on women more closely, one needs to look further back into history. Some argue that these unfair expectations stems from earlier societies, where women were considered inferior as a second-class citizen because they were â€Å"weak†. Knowing the history of women being regarded as inferior is i mportant, because one has to realize it affected the expectations of women and their role in society. Women in the 1950s were not expectedRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article How Men Really Feel About Their Bodies 990 Words   |  4 Pageswomen including self-consciousness and self loath. Males struggle to believe that they are good enough just like anyone else would they just show it in a different way. If a man were to say that he was struggling with the way that he feels about himself, either he would be told he is acting feminine or he wouldn’t be taken seriously. Women have far more emotional support when it comes to this subject because they have other women to console them. Males otherwise do not. Some men internalize these emotionsRead MoreGender Expectations : The Damage Being Done When People Insists Boys Will Be Boys 1299 Words   |  6 Pagesviolated a fellow student, there has been some debate as to whether society’s expectations of males, expressed th rough the phrase ‘boys will be boys’, has resulted in harm being done to teenagers. In a opinion piece titled â€Å"The Damage Being Done When People Insists ‘Boys Will Be boys’†, written for www.dailylife.com.au and published on the 3rd of June, 2016, the author, Clementine Ford, contends that societal gender expectations have resulted in harm being done to teenagers. She specifically targets parentsRead MoreMy Experience As A Male Dominant Culture994 Words   |  4 Pagesdouble standard between male and female. My family and my peers were the most influential in this enculturation experience as they were the people I associated with during my early childhood. My early childhood experience of double standard has shaped my values and how I perceive my culture. Double standard varies culture by culture, in this paper, I will be explaining my double standard enculturation experience in my Chinese culture. In the Chinese culture, we are known to be a male dominant culture.Read MoreMen And Women Should Be Offered The Same Opportunities948 Words   |  4 Pagesmothers through shopping or activities geared toward females. This traditional upbringing defined gender roles, which made aggressive male sports acceptable and aggressive female sports less preferable. Therefore, male sports receive more coverage and have a larger audience. Females do not start at the same point as males because of one’s upbringing and societal expectation. In order to counterbalance the unequal beginning females need more motivation and exposure. Females cannot be penalized becauseRead MoreFrom the day we are born we are categorized either a male or female. From that day onward society800 Words   |  4 Pageseither a male or female. From that day onward society molds, and shapes us into what it means to be a man or women. Aaron Devor’s â€Å"Becoming Members of society: Learning The Social Meani ngs of Gender† discusses the formation of gender roles. Devor talks about how quickly children develop, and placed into their gender group.He also discusses about the gender role behaviors and attitudes . In Jamaica Kincaid’s ,†Girl†, Kincaid focussed on her relationship with her mother, mainly on the expectations her motherRead MoreAnalysis Of My Father s Axe 802 Words   |  4 Pagesexplores the universal themes of male identity in the modern age, throughout his short story. He utilises many relatable scenarios throughout his short story which conveys the stereotypical male identity in today’s society. â€Å"Jamie says he doesn’t know where the axe is and I believe him; he won’t chop wood anymore. Elaine hasn’t seen it; it’s men’s business, she says†. The composer is establishing the notion of an axe being a tool which is typically related to the male gender. Tim Winton symbolisesRead MoreMasculinity And Its Impact On Society1317 Words   |  6 Pagesstandardize the ideal male body type, appearance, social norms, stereotypical roles, and emotional reactions. Seeing that physically built or masculine men are increasingly popular and often seen in movies, magazines, tv shows, sports, and other media platforms, â€Å"normal’ guys are discouraged and outcast from society. The ideal male celebrities of today have built their platform on having flawless bodies with women praising them. A popular magazine, Men’s Health, shows the perfect male body type as havingRead MoreOpposite Sex1076 Words   |  5 PagesIn this story, it is about â€Å"a professor who assigned an in class essay on how each would spend a day as a member of his/her respective opposite sex† (Steven 742). When he assigned this essay to the students the females took it immediately, while the male students were dazing around and procrastinating on the subject (Steven 742). Throughout the whole story, as the reader you see it falls down to the category of stereotyping and sexism. It is to fathom the incomprehensible analytical judgment of the

Communication Behavior and Social Networking

Question: Discuss about theCommunicationfor Behavior and Social Networking. Answer: Self-Disclosure can help to Deepen Relationships, but it also has some Risks Broadbent (2013) has stated that self-disclosure is seen as a useful approach for sharing data with others. It can be stated that by sharing data and information, people become more intimate with some other people and thus interpersonal relationships are largely strengthened. It can be stated that willful self-disclosure would constantly have a significant impact on the expansion upholding as well as worsening of associations (Kossen, Kiernan Lawrence, 2013). That is the procedure mainly public are wired and thus it can be stated that the effect of those revelations would be optimistic or unconstructive based on a diversity of the features. Petty and Cacioppo (2012) have mentioned in his research paper that self-disclosure is a significant element for those relationships that are gradually developing. Gradual as well as communal exposures as associations enlarge in order to assist promoting faith and thorough understanding. At the same time, it can be stated that the overturn can al so be factual, as the listener might not respond positively, for anything the reason, to the revelation. This response usually results in reduced or even disengaged associations (Habermas, 2015). Petty and Cacioppo (2012) have mentioned in his research paper that self-disclosure is one of the prime notions of the social penetration hypothesis. This refers to the steady procedure of recounting ones internal identity. This procedure is probable only after a recognized familiarity and proximity. It can be stated that it is moderately hard for a person to reveal all the top secrets to another person he hardly knows and this is practically not possible for a being to unveil the deepest coatings of him or herself. Derlaga and Berg (2013) has explained in his research paper that self-disclosure is mainly enlightening when the giving out is in the present and slightest revealing when the giving out is all about the earlier period. It can be mentioned that disclosure might contain sharing both the high-risk and low-risk data as well as understandings, notions and attitudes, feelings and values, many past stories, life incidents and even future anticipation, dreams, ambition as well as goals. Therefore, it is understood that sharing information or self-disclosure often helps in deepening a relationship, but at the same time, it plays a negative role in harming a relationship. Taddei and Contena (2013) have stated that competent communicators utilize self-disclosure selectively. In this part, focus would be shed on the risks related to self-disclosure and these have been mentioned in details here. Personal Risks Baudrillard and Violeau (2012) have mentioned in his research paper that more a people disclose about himself to others, the more parts of life the people expose to probable attacks. Particularly in the competitive background of work, the further that others identify regarding the people, the more they will be capable to utilize alongside that person (Taddei Contena, 2013). Relationship Risks It can be stated that even in close as well as continuing associations, self-disclosure can easily cause issues. Parents, usually the most compassionate people in most individuals lives, recurrently refuse children who divulge their homosexuality, their intentions to get married someone of a dissimilar race or their faith in another devotion (Kossen, Kiernan Lawrence, 2013). It has been found that the best friends and the closest intimates as well might reject a person for the similar kind of self-disclosure (Castells, 2013). Professional Risks As per the viewpoint shared by Derlaga and Berg (2013), it can be found out that occasionally self-disclosure might cause proficient or material fatalities. Politicians who openly unveil that they have been in rehabilitation, might lose the support of their own following party and find out that the votes are reluctant to ballot for them (Kossen, Kiernan Lawrence, 2013). Apart from that, many examples are there that the teachers who disclose disagreement with the administrations of the schools might find out themselves being deprived of occupancy, teaching undesirable schedules and becoming the victims of the cutting of the budgets (Taddei Contena, 2013). Besides these two, in the business world as well, self-disclosure of alcoholism or drug addiction most of the times results in dismissal, demotion or social exclusion (Taddei Contena, 2013). Apart from these, it can be stated that self-disclosure has the probability to damage the associations in many cases. It can be found out that in a significant companionship or association, huge amount of data can generate permanent damages and this can ruin many relationships. Illuminating secreted requirements and some other unenthusiastic self-revelations is certain to have a thorough effect on an association. It can be stated that the other side of this case is the person who declines to disclose anything to those he or she is neighboring to and this lack of trust most of the times results in hurt and distrust for the friend or the life partner. Therefore, it can be stated that keeping balance as well as perspective in every area of a relationship or friendship would assist to make sure its success. Self-disclosure, when utilized in an unbiased and appropriate way is one instrument to developing and upholding successful relationships. Derlega (2013) has said that when self-disclo sure is utilized as a bludgeon or is not used at all, associations are probable to depreciate. Self-disclosure can be analyzed through Johari Window, as this theory is useful in understanding what elements of human beings are unlock, concealed, sightless and unidentified. On axis of Johari Window symbolizes belongings that are known to oneself and the other axis symbolizes that things that are acknowledged to others. The quantity of data that is candidly recognized to others differs depended on the relational circumstance (Sprecher et al., 2013). It is regardless to say that when a person is with the close associates, there is possibly many data already in the open panel and when you are with the close family; there is probably a huge amount of data in the open pane too. In that case, information could be different, though, as the family might know much more regarding your earlier period and the friends might know more about your present (Nguyen, Bin Campbell, 2012). References Baudrillard, J., Violeau, J. L. (2012). The ecstasy of communication. Broadbent, D. E. (2013).Perception and communication. Elsevier. Castells, M. (2013).Communication power. OUP Oxford. Derlaga, V. J., Berg, J. H. (Eds.). (2013).Self-disclosure: Theory, research, and therapy. Springer Science Business Media. Derlega, V. J. (Ed.). (2013).Communication, intimacy, and close relationships. Elsevier. Habermas, J. (2015).Communication and the Evolution of Society. John Wiley Sons. Kossen, C., Kiernan, E., Lawrence, J. (2013). Communicating for success (1st ed.). Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Pearson Australia. Nguyen, M., Bin, Y. S., Campbell, A. (2012). Comparing online and offline self-disclosure: A systematic review.Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking,15(2), 103-111. Petty, R., Cacioppo, J. T. (2012).Communication and persuasion: Central and peripheral routes to attitude change. Springer Science Business Media. Sprecher, S., Treger, S., Wondra, J. D., Hilaire, N., Wallpe, K. (2013). Taking turns: Reciprocal self-disclosure promotes liking in initial interactions.Journal of Experimental Social Psychology,49(5), 860-866. Taddei, S., Contena, B. (2013). Privacy, trust and control: Which relationships with online self-disclosure?.Computers in Human Behavior,29(3), 821-826.

The poem half-caste Essay Example

The poem half-caste Paper In the poem half-caste John Agard uses a variety of metaphors. He refers to things that are multicoloured to get his point across yu mean when Picasso mix red an green is a half-caste canvas John Agard is trying to tell his audience that Picasso doesnt just use one colour in his paintings, he uses a variety of colours, which makes the painting more interesting. This relates to John Agard because he is a mixture of two colours, which makes him something beautiful. Another metaphor John Agard uses is yu mean Tchaikovsky sit down at da piano and mix black key wid white Again John Agard is saying that mixing two colours is a wonderful thing. John Agard repeats half 17 times. He is telling the audience that being half-caste doesnt mean that he is half a person. However he refers him self as half when he says I dream half a dream. No one can dream half a dream. He is being ironic. John Agard is making the audience feel sorry for him. This is because dreaming half a dream is kind of sad, as if his multicoloured background prevents him from fulfilling his dream. The language he uses is Caribbean dialect which is patois. But at the beginning and the end of the poem he uses Standard English. In the poem search for my tongue Sujata Bhatt uses a plant as imagery, and as a metaphor. The plant is dying out. She uses the plant to show her mother tongue is dying out of her mouth just like a plant would. Your mother tongue would rot, rot and die in your mouth. If you dont do anything to the plant, the plant would die. This is the same thing for Sujata Bhatt. We will write a custom essay sample on The poem half-caste specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The poem half-caste specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The poem half-caste specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer If she doesnt do anything to do with Gujarati, her mother tongue would be forgotten. However the plant grows back to life, which means her mother tongue, is doing the same. Sujata Bhatt repeats, tongue and you several times. She is trying to get the audience thinking about what they would do if had they had to learn two languages, and how hard it is. Sujata Bhatt starts off with a rhetorical question you ask me what I mean she is trying to get the audience involved at the beginning of the poem. In half-caste John Agards structure is different to Sujata Bhatts structure. John Agards poem is set out in four stanzas. The first stanza and last stanza are the shortest stanzas with only three lines in. These two stanzas are the only lines that are written in Standard English, as the rest is written in Caribbean dialect. The Caribbean dialect is more like slang and they miss some letters out. For example explain yuself wha yu mean when yu say half-caste John Agard has purposely missed out letters to add to the effect that he is not from England. In Standard English we would say these words yuself and wha and yu with added in letters. We would say yourself and what and you this adds to John Agards style of the poem. John Agard also used a lack of punctuation. But John Agard reads the poem slow. However Sujata Bhatt has just spaced her poem on the page in a line. In verse 17 30 she speaks Gujarati which makes the poem eye catching because there is a different language in the poem. It says in the poem munay thoonky kay aakhee jeebh aakhee bhasha she is telling us that her mother tongue is coming back to life in her dream. Towards the end after she speaks Gujarati and she uses a lot of commas. The use of commas she uses is to build the effect of the plant growing back step by step and the commas help create that image. He says it grows back, a stump of a shoot, grows longer, grows moist, grows strong veins the use of commas helps slow down the atmosphere and creates an image that stage by stage its all coming back to her. The plant which was her mother tongue is growing back. John Agard and Sujata Bhatt feel very strongly about there multicultural backgrounds. If someone tries to insult John Agard about being half-caste he would be very questioning. Like in the poem, its like someone had called him half-caste and John Agard takes it the wrong way and thinks he is half a person. I think that John Agard makes his point very clearly in his poem about how he feels about being multicultural. Sujata Bhatt feels sad that she is loosing her mother tongue and wouldnt want anything or anyone to take that away from her. When she feels like she is loosing that language she makes her point how hard it is speaking two different languages. But when the Gujarati comes back I think she still finds it difficult to learn both languages. Sujata Bhatt helps you to feel that confusion when she puts some Gujarati in her poem. Out of those two poems half-caste and search for my tongue I found search for my tongue a better poem. Sujata Bhatt helps you understand how she feels and because I know how hard it is to speak different languages, that poem interested me more.